Short Summary
Main recommendation: Recognize that Chanukah's three terms for God's involvement, teshua (help), nisim (miracles), and nifla'ot (wonders), describe three different kinds of divine action, and that even ordinary events deserve gratitude. Rabbi Jacobson argues the Chanukah prayer's three words are not redundant but graded: from everyday assistance, to supernatural events, to rare coincidences that remain within nature.
Key Points
- Teshua means God's help in events that are not miraculous, such as one of two evenly matched competitors winning, where the Jewish view attributes the outcome to God rather than to luck (mazal).
- Nisim are inexplicable, supernatural events, illustrated by examples like a wrestler defeating fifty opponents or a small army of a few thousand defeating a force of nearly 100,000.
- Nifla'ot are wonders: statistically rare coincidences that are not impossible under nature but still striking.
- All three terms apply to Chanukah: the escape after Mattityahu killed the Jewish apostate was teshua, the Maccabee victory was a nisim, and the single untouched jug of pure oil was a nifla'ah.
- The prayer's order is chronological in the lighting blessing, but in some prayer books it reverses at the end, moving from miracles to wonders to ordinary daily events.
Details Worth Noting
- Concrete instructions: The transcript gives no step-by-step procedure, but it does prescribe a practice of gratitude: after recognizing divine help in events, including ordinary ones, respond with thanks by saying "Thank You, Hashem" in every moment, since every breath and movement depends on divine assistance.
- The football and job-applicant examples show how to classify an outcome: if the result is not statistically remarkable, treat it as teshua and attribute it to God's help rather than to luck.
- Ask whether an event is inexplicable (nisim) or merely rare (nifla'ot) to decide which category applies.
- The jug of oil was a wonder, not a miracle, because it fell within natural possibility, while the continued burning for eight days is cited as a further miracle.
- The Talmudic tractate Shabbat is cited as the source that explains the anomaly of the three terms.
Bottom Line
Gratitude should extend beyond dramatic miracles to rare coincidences and everyday outcomes, because the Chanukah prayer frames all three as divine involvement.





